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首頁 / 所有 / 產(chǎn)品新聞 / SOFC發(fā)電系統(tǒng)中擴散焊板翅式熱交換器應用介紹

SOFC發(fā)電系統(tǒng)中擴散焊板翅式熱交換器應用介紹

2021/5/20

一

、 SOFC 簡介

固體氧化物燃料電池(Solid Oxide Fuel Cell

，簡稱 SOFC) 屬于第三代燃料電池，是一種在中高溫下直接將儲存在燃料和氧化劑中的化學能高效

、環(huán)境友好地轉化成電能的全固態(tài)化學發(fā)電裝置

。被普遍認為是在未來會與質(zhì)子交換膜燃料電池 (PEMFC) 一樣得到廣泛普及應用的一種燃料電池。

二

、 SOFC 系統(tǒng)原理及熱交換器作用

一般的SOFC發(fā)電系統(tǒng)包括燃料處理單元

、燃料電池發(fā)電單元以及能量回收單元。圖 1 是一個以天然氣為燃料

、常壓運行的發(fā)電系統(tǒng)為例

。空氣經(jīng)過壓縮器壓縮

，克服系統(tǒng)阻力后進入空氣熱交換器預熱，然后通入電池的陰極

。天然氣經(jīng)過壓縮機壓縮后

，克服系統(tǒng)阻力進入混合器（重整器），與蒸汽發(fā)生器（熱交換器）中產(chǎn)生的過熱蒸汽混合

，混合后的燃料氣體進入燃氣熱交換器提升溫度后通入燃料電池陽極

。陰陽極氣體在電池內(nèi)發(fā)生電化學反應，電池發(fā)出電能的同時

，電化學反應產(chǎn)生的熱量將未反應完全的陰陽極氣體加熱

。陽極未反應完全的氣體和陰極剩余氧化劑通入燃燒器進行燃燒，燃燒產(chǎn)生的高溫氣體除了用來預熱燃料和空氣之外

，也提供蒸汽發(fā)生器所需的熱量

。經(jīng)過蒸汽發(fā)生器后的燃燒產(chǎn)物，其熱能仍有利用價值

，可以通過余熱回收裝置提供熱水或用來供暖而進一步加以利用

。

圖 1 天然氣為燃料、常壓運行的發(fā)電系統(tǒng)

由此熱交換器在 SOFC 發(fā)電系統(tǒng)里比重很大

，熱交換器效率

、體積、壽命決定 SOFC 大小及壽命

。

三

、熱交換器技術要求

SOFC中熱交換器主要技術難點為溫度端差大（可達400℃以上）

，同時熱交換器頻繁循環(huán)啟動，因此該熱交換器需要有良好耐熱沖擊性能

，同時具有耐高溫（850℃以上）性能

。具體技術指標見下表。

表 1 SOFC 中熱交換器常規(guī)技術指標

項目	變量	單位	空氣熱交換器	燃氣熱交換器	水蒸氣發(fā)生器
冷側	介質(zhì)	/	空氣	燃氣	水
冷側	進口溫度	℃	20~400	2 0~400	2 0
冷側	進口壓力	kPa A	101~120	101~120	1 50
熱側	介質(zhì)	/	尾氣	尾氣	尾氣
熱側	進口溫度	℃	700~850	5 50~650	200~300
熱側	進口壓力	kPa A	101~120	1 01~120	1 01~120